Quick Answer: A rational longevity protocol addresses the root mechanisms of biological aging, not just symptoms. The highest-evidence compounds for cellular health in 2026 are Urolithin A (mitophagy activation), NMN or NR (NAD+ restoration), GlyNAC (glutathione and mitochondrial health), and a synbiotic targeting gut microbiome diversity. These are Tier 1. Everything else builds on this foundation.
The longevity category is no longer fringe.
Billionaires are publishing their protocols. Peer-reviewed longevity research is moving faster than it has at any point in the field's history. The National Institute on Aging is funding human trials on compounds that were, five years ago, studied only in worms and mice. And the supplement industry has responded — with everything from rigorously studied compounds with human RCT evidence to pure marketing noise repackaged in clinical-sounding language.
This is a guide to the former. What actually has human evidence, how each mechanism works, how the compounds interact and reinforce each other, and how to assemble them into a coherent protocol rather than an expensive collection of disconnected pills.
The framing matters: this is not about living forever. It is about extending the period of biological function — maintaining muscle, metabolic flexibility, cognitive performance, and cellular repair capacity deeper into life than the default aging trajectory allows. That goal is achievable, and the scientific tools for it are more robust than most people realize.
The Hallmarks of Aging: Why This Framework Matters
Any serious longevity protocol should map to the underlying biology of aging. The most influential framework for that biology comes from Lopez-Otin et al., first published in Cell in 2013 and substantially updated in 2023 to include twelve hallmarks of aging:
- Genomic instability — accumulating DNA damage from oxidative stress, radiation, and replication errors
- Telomere attrition — shortening of the protective caps on chromosomes with each cell division
- Epigenetic alterations — dysregulation of gene expression patterns that accumulate over time
- Loss of proteostasis — decline in the protein quality-control systems that clear misfolded proteins
- Deregulated nutrient sensing — dysregulation of mTOR, AMPK, insulin/IGF-1, and sirtuin pathways
- Mitochondrial dysfunction — accumulation of damaged mitochondria, reduced ATP output, increased oxidative stress
- Cellular senescence — accumulation of cells that have stopped dividing but remain metabolically active, secreting inflammatory signals (the SASP)
- Stem cell exhaustion — decline in the regenerative capacity of tissue-specific stem cell pools
- Altered intercellular communication — chronic systemic inflammation and dysregulation of hormonal signaling
- Chronic inflammation (inflammaging) — low-grade, persistent inflammatory activation driving tissue damage across organs
- Dysbiosis — loss of gut microbiome diversity and the downstream effects on immunity, metabolism, and inflammation
- Disabled macroautophagy — decline in the cellular cleanup pathways (including mitophagy) that recycle damaged components
A rational longevity protocol should address multiple hallmarks simultaneously. The good news: many effective compounds do this. Urolithin A addresses mitochondrial dysfunction and disabled autophagy simultaneously. Omega-3s address inflammaging and support gut microbiome health. NAD+ precursors influence nutrient sensing pathways, mitochondrial function, and DNA repair.
The goal is breadth of mechanism coverage, not depth in any single pathway.
Tier 1: Mitophagy and Cellular Cleanup — Urolithin A
Mitochondria are the energy-producing organelles in every cell. Over time — through oxidative stress, normal use, and the gradual decline of quality-control mechanisms — damaged mitochondria accumulate. These impaired mitochondria are worse than useless: they generate oxidative stress while producing less ATP, driving a cycle of cellular dysfunction that contributes to multiple hallmarks of aging simultaneously.
The cellular response to this problem is mitophagy — a selective autophagy process that identifies and degrades damaged mitochondria, allowing the cell to replace them with functional ones. Mitophagy efficiency declines with age, which is part of why aging cells accumulate dysfunctional mitochondria even when the raw capacity to clear them is theoretically present.
Urolithin A activates mitophagy through a PINK1/Parkin-independent pathway, upregulating the cellular machinery responsible for identifying and clearing damaged mitochondria. It also activates the broader autophagy pathway and has anti-inflammatory effects via NF-κB inhibition.
The human evidence is the critical point. Urolithin A is not an animal-model compound waiting for human validation. Two robust human trials have established its effects:
- Andreux et al. (2019), Nature Metabolism: A first-in-human trial demonstrating that 500mg Urolithin A daily for 4 weeks significantly induced mitophagy biomarkers in skeletal muscle in older adults compared to placebo, with a favorable safety profile.
- Singh et al. (2022), Cell Reports Medicine: A 4-month RCT showing that Urolithin A supplementation (1,000mg/day) improved muscle endurance (hand grip and 6-minute walk test), enhanced mitochondrial gene expression, and improved mitochondrial health biomarkers in older adults relative to placebo.
Urolithin A is produced in the gut from ellagitannins found in pomegranate, walnuts, and raspberries — but fewer than 40% of people have the gut microbiome composition to produce clinically meaningful amounts from food alone. Direct supplementation bypasses this bottleneck.
Dose: 500–1,000mg daily with food. Consistent daily use over months is necessary for cellular-level effects.
This is the compound with the strongest human evidence base for addressing mitophagy decline — and it is the foundation of a serious cellular health protocol.
Tier 1: NAD+ Restoration — NMN or NR
NAD+ (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide) is a coenzyme present in every cell, required for hundreds of enzymatic reactions. Three of its most longevity-relevant functions:
- Sirtuin activation: Sirtuins (SIRT1–7) are NAD+-dependent deacetylases that regulate gene expression, DNA repair, mitochondrial biogenesis, and inflammatory response. They cannot function without adequate NAD+.
- PARP activity: Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases use NAD+ to repair DNA strand breaks. Increased DNA damage with age consumes NAD+ through PARP activation, creating a depletion loop.
- Energy metabolism: NAD+ is directly required in the Krebs cycle and the electron transport chain — the core machinery of cellular energy production.
NAD+ levels decline approximately 40–50% from young adulthood to middle age, with continued decline thereafter. This decline correlates with, and likely contributes to, the mitochondrial dysfunction, reduced sirtuin activity, and impaired DNA repair capacity seen in aging.
NMN and NR are both NAD+ precursors that enter the salvage pathway and raise cellular NAD+ levels more efficiently than niacin at equivalent doses. The current human evidence:
- Yoshino et al. (2021), Science: 10 weeks of NMN supplementation (250mg/day) improved muscle insulin sensitivity in premenopausal women with prediabetes, with increased expression of genes involved in muscle remodeling and the NAD+ biosynthesis pathway.
- Martens et al. (2018), Nature Communications: 6 weeks of NR (1,000mg/day) significantly elevated whole-blood NAD+ in older adults (averaging 60% increases), reduced blood pressure, and demonstrated a favorable safety profile.
- Liao et al. (2021), Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience: NR supplementation raised CSF NAD+ levels — relevant to cognitive aging — in older adults.
NMN vs. NR: Both are effective NAD+ precursors. NMN has a slightly more direct conversion pathway; NR has a longer research track record in humans. The practical difference in most protocols is minimal. Some evidence suggests NMN may have a modest advantage in muscle and liver tissue; NR may have slight advantages for cerebral NAD+.
Dose: NMN 250–500mg daily, or NR 300–500mg daily. Take in the morning. Liposomal formulations of NMN may improve bioavailability.
Synergy with Urolithin A: Mitophagy is an energy-intensive process. Sirtuin activation supports mitophagy regulation. NAD+ fuels both. These two compounds work together mechanistically — NAD+ restoration amplifies the cellular environment in which mitophagy functions optimally.
Tier 1: The Antioxidant Network — Vitamin C, E, and the Glutathione System
Oxidative stress is one of the primary drivers of genomic instability, mitochondrial dysfunction, and cellular senescence — three hallmarks of aging. The body's defense against it is a network, not a collection of isolated antioxidants.
The recycling cascade that makes this system work:
- Vitamin C reduces oxidized vitamin E back to its active form
- Glutathione regenerates oxidized vitamin C
- Alpha-lipoic acid (ALA) directly regenerates glutathione
- Selenium is a cofactor for glutathione peroxidase (the enzyme that uses glutathione to neutralize peroxides)
- Riboflavin (B2) supports glutathione reductase activity
Glutathione is the body's master antioxidant — present in every cell, central to detoxification (conjugation of reactive compounds), and a regulator of cellular redox state. Glutathione levels decline substantially with age, and this decline contributes to the oxidative burden underlying multiple aging hallmarks.
The GlyNAC protocol (glycine + N-acetyl cysteine) addresses the two rate-limiting precursors for glutathione synthesis: - Cysteine (provided by NAC) is the rate-limiting substrate for glutathione synthesis in adults - Glycine (the third amino acid in the glutathione tripeptide) becomes independently rate-limiting in older adults
The human evidence for GlyNAC is among the most compelling in the cellular health space: - Kumar et al. (2021), Journal of Nutrition: A pilot RCT in older adults showed GlyNAC supplementation for 24 weeks restored glutathione to levels approaching those of younger adults, with significant improvements in oxidative stress, mitochondrial function, inflammation, endothelial function, insulin resistance, and physical function. - Kumar et al. (2023), Nutrients: Extended follow-up and larger study confirming improvements in cognitive function, muscle strength, and biological aging markers in older adults supplemented with GlyNAC.
Dose: NAC 600–1,200mg + Glycine 1,000–3,000mg daily. ALA 300–600mg on an empty stomach. Vitamin C 500–1,000mg with food. These form the core antioxidant network restoration protocol.
Isolated high-dose antioxidants without network support are less effective and can, in some contexts, act paradoxically as pro-oxidants by displacing the balance of the network. The system approach is the evidence-supported approach.
Tier 2: Anti-Inflammatory Signaling — Omega-3s, Resveratrol, and Berberine
Chronic low-grade inflammation — "inflammaging," in longevity research terminology — is both a hallmark of aging and an accelerant of every other hallmark. It drives oxidative stress, disrupts cellular senescence regulation, impairs stem cell function, and degrades tissue integrity across organs. Addressing inflammaging is a systemic longevity priority.
Omega-3 EPA/DHA
EPA and DHA are the parent compounds for specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs) — resolvins, protectins, and maresins — that actively resolve inflammatory episodes rather than simply suppressing the inflammatory signal. This is the mechanism that distinguishes omega-3 anti-inflammatory effects from NSAIDs: omega-3s support resolution, not just suppression.
The cardiovascular evidence for omega-3s is among the most extensive in nutrition science (REDUCE-IT trial; ASCEND trial; decades of epidemiological data). From a longevity standpoint, the anti-inflammatory mechanism is relevant to brain aging, vascular health, and joint integrity.
Dose: 2–4g combined EPA/DHA daily from triglyceride-form fish oil. Take with a fat-containing meal.
Resveratrol
Resveratrol is a polyphenol that activates SIRT1 (the primary longevity sirtuin) and inhibits NF-κB, the master regulator of inflammatory gene expression. It is found naturally in red wine, grapes, and blueberries — but at concentrations that are orders of magnitude below what is required for pharmacological sirtuin activation.
The honest caveat: standard oral resveratrol has poor bioavailability, with extensive first-pass metabolism limiting systemic exposure. Liposomal or encapsulated formulations significantly improve bioavailability and are preferred for supplementation purposes.
Human evidence for resveratrol includes favorable effects on blood pressure, glycemic control, and inflammatory markers in adults with metabolic disease. Whether these translate to longevity outcomes in healthy adults remains under investigation.
Dose: 150–500mg of a bioavailable formulation (liposomal or micronized). Take with food.
Berberine
Berberine activates AMPK — the cellular energy sensor and one of the key longevity pathways that is downregulated by nutrient excess and aging. AMPK activation mimics the effects of caloric restriction and exercise at the cellular level: it inhibits anabolic pathways (mTOR), promotes autophagy, and improves mitochondrial biogenesis.
Additionally, berberine increases the abundance of Akkermansia muciniphila in the gut microbiome — a keystone species associated with gut barrier integrity, GLP-1 secretion, and metabolic health — making it doubly relevant to a longevity protocol.
Extensive human evidence supports berberine's effects on blood glucose, insulin sensitivity, lipid profiles, and gut microbiome composition. It is one of the most evidence-backed plant-derived compounds in the metabolic health space.
Dose: 500mg 2–3x daily before meals, in 4–8 week cycles.
Tier 2: Gut Microbiome Health
Dysbiosis is now recognized as a hallmark of aging in the Lopez-Otin 2023 framework — not just a consequence of aging but an active driver. Gut microbiome diversity declines with age, Akkermansia muciniphila abundance correlates with metabolic health and longevity in centenarian studies, and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) produced by fermentative gut bacteria regulate immune function, gut barrier integrity, and GLP-1 secretion.
A synbiotic (prebiotic + probiotic + postbiotic combination) is the most comprehensive approach. Key targets:
- Akkermansia muciniphila support: Inulin, polyphenols (pomegranate, cranberry, resveratrol), and berberine all support Akkermansia abundance. Direct Akkermansia supplementation (pasteurized form) is now available and has clinical evidence for metabolic health benefits.
- SCFA production: Daily fermentable fiber (inulin, beta-glucan, resistant starch) is the most reliable lever for supporting butyrate, propionate, and acetate production.
- Diversity maintenance: Diverse fermentable substrates support microbial diversity. A product combining multiple prebiotic fiber types is more effective than single-fiber supplementation.
- Delivery stability: Bacillus coagulans is a spore-forming probiotic that survives stomach acid and manufacturing processes more reliably than most Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium strains.
Tier 3: Hormonal and Adaptogenic Support
Hormonal optimization is often treated separately from longevity — but the connection is direct. Low testosterone in men is associated with accelerated muscle loss (sarcopenia), increased visceral adiposity, cognitive decline, and all-cause mortality in epidemiological data. Chronic cortisol elevation disrupts the HPG axis, suppresses immune function, impairs sleep quality, and accelerates cellular aging through glucocorticoid effects on telomere length and DNA repair.
All longevity interventions work better in a hormonally optimized environment.
Ashwagandha (HPA Axis Regulation)
The HPA (hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal) axis is the body's stress response system. Chronic stress maintains elevated cortisol, which suppresses the HPG axis (reducing testosterone and growth hormone), impairs immune function, and elevates systemic inflammation.
Ashwagandha (KSM-66 or Sensoril extract) has robust human evidence for cortisol reduction, improved sleep quality, reduced anxiety, and — in men — testosterone support (in part through the cortisol-testosterone antagonism). The adaptogenic mechanism involves modulation of HPA axis reactivity, not sedation.
Dose: 300–600mg of a standardized extract (KSM-66 or Sensoril) daily. Best taken at night.
Tongkat Ali (Male Testosterone Optimization)
Eurycoma longifolia (Tongkat Ali) works through a distinct mechanism from ashwagandha: it reduces sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) and may support LH (luteinizing hormone) signaling, both of which increase bioavailable testosterone. It does not directly stimulate testosterone synthesis — it improves the ratio of free to bound testosterone.
Human clinical evidence (Leisegang et al., 2022; Hamzah and Yusof, 2003) supports modest but consistent improvements in testosterone levels, sexual function, and physical performance in men with low-normal testosterone.
Dose: 200–400mg of a standardized extract (1:200 standardization) daily.
Shilajit (Mitochondrial and Testosterone Support)
Shilajit is a mineral-organic resin from the Himalayas containing fulvic acid, dibenzo-alpha-pyrones (DBPs), and trace minerals. Its mechanisms are relevant to both testosterone support and mitochondrial health: DBPs facilitate CoQ10 electron transfer in the mitochondrial chain, and a 2016 study by Pandit et al. found that purified shilajit (250mg twice daily) significantly improved total and free testosterone in healthy male volunteers relative to placebo.
Dose: 250–500mg of a purified, heavy-metal-tested extract daily.
The Longevity Protocol in Practice
Morning Routine
| Compound | Dose | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| NMN or NR | 250–500mg | With or before breakfast |
| Omega-3 EPA/DHA | 2–3g | With a fat-containing meal |
| Vitamin D3 + K2 | 2,000–5,000 IU D3 / 100–200mcg K2 MK-7 | With fat-containing meal |
| Methylated B-complex | Per product dose | With food |
| Berberine | 500mg | 30 min before breakfast |
| Resveratrol | 150–500mg (liposomal) | With food |
| Tongkat Ali (men) | 200–400mg | With or without food |
Evening Routine
| Compound | Dose | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Urolithin A | 500–1,000mg | With dinner or post-dinner |
| CoQ10/Ubiquinol | 100–200mg | With dinner (fat-soluble) |
| NAC + Glycine (GlyNAC) | 600mg NAC / 1,000–2,000mg Glycine | Evening, away from or with food |
| Magnesium Glycinate | 300–400mg elemental Mg | Before bed |
| Ashwagandha | 300–600mg (KSM-66) | Before bed |
| Synbiotic | Per product dose | With or without food |
| Berberine | 500mg | 30 min before dinner |
Cycling Guidance
- Berberine: Use in 4–8 week cycles with 2–4 week breaks to prevent adaptation effects and maintain AMPK sensitivity.
- Ashwagandha: Can be taken continuously, though some practitioners prefer 8-week cycles with a 2-week break. Individual response varies.
- NMN/NR, Urolithin A, GlyNAC, and omega-3s: Daily, continuous use. These compounds work best with consistent accumulation of effect over time.
What Isn't in This Protocol — And Why
Intellectual honesty is part of what makes a longevity protocol credible. Several popular compounds are deliberately absent here:
Senolytics (Quercetin + Dasatinib): The senolytic hypothesis — that selectively clearing senescent cells will improve tissue function and extend healthspan — has strong animal model support and early human pilot data (Mayo Clinic's Kirkland group has published phase 1 data showing target engagement). But the human evidence is not yet sufficient for a general population supplementation recommendation. Quercetin alone has anti-senescent properties in cell culture but is not established as a meaningful senolytic at typical oral doses. This space is worth watching — it is not ready for a generalized protocol prescription.
Rapamycin: mTOR inhibition is one of the most reproducible longevity interventions across multiple model organisms. Intermittent low-dose rapamycin is being used by longevity physicians in off-label protocols. It is not a supplement — it requires a prescription, medical supervision, and individual risk-benefit analysis. It does not belong in a general-audience supplement protocol.
Metformin for longevity: The TAME (Targeting Aging with Metformin) trial is ongoing and will provide the clearest answer on whether metformin extends healthy lifespan in non-diabetic adults. Current evidence for longevity benefit beyond metabolic disease management is not established. As with rapamycin, this is a prescription medication requiring clinical supervision.
Alpha-ketoglutarate (AKG): Early evidence for AKG in reducing biological age (Rejuvant study, Demidenko et al., 2021) is interesting but not yet replicated in larger trials. Promising — not yet ready for Tier 1 placement.
The absence of these compounds is not dismissal. Longevity science moves quickly. Senolytics especially may be protocol-ready within the next several years as human evidence matures.
How Long Does It Take?
Longevity protocols operate on timescales that don't match the feedback loops most supplement users are accustomed to. Here is an honest timeline:
Weeks 1–4: The subjective experience of taking most of these compounds is minimal. Magnesium and ashwagandha may improve sleep quality relatively quickly. NMN/NR may improve energy in some individuals. Don't expect dramatic changes.
Months 1–3: Mitochondrial health markers (VO2max, grip strength, exercise recovery) begin to improve with consistent Urolithin A and NAD+ support. Inflammatory markers (hsCRP, IL-6) should be improving with omega-3 and berberine. Blood glucose management should improve with berberine.
Months 3–12: Glutathione restoration from GlyNAC reaches meaningful levels. Mitophagy benefits from Urolithin A accumulate. Gut microbiome composition shifts toward higher diversity and Akkermansia abundance.
Years: The longevity hypothesis is that consistent cellular maintenance changes the trajectory of biological aging — not that it produces acute symptom relief. The time horizon is ten years of consistent healthy cellular function, not ten days of acute effect.
The right mental model: this is infrastructure investment, not a performance supplement. You don't feel the oil change — you feel the car not breaking down at 200,000 miles.
Frequently Asked Questions
What are the best longevity supplements? Based on the current human evidence base: Urolithin A (mitophagy), NMN or NR (NAD+ restoration), GlyNAC (glutathione system and mitochondrial health), omega-3 EPA/DHA (inflammaging), and a synbiotic targeting gut microbiome diversity. These address multiple hallmarks of aging with the strongest human clinical evidence.
Does Urolithin A slow aging? No supplement has been proven to "slow aging" in humans in a definitive clinical trial — that standard of evidence doesn't yet exist. What Urolithin A has demonstrated in human RCTs is: activation of mitophagy biomarkers in skeletal muscle, improvement in muscle endurance and mitochondrial gene expression in older adults, and a favorable safety profile over months of use. Whether these cellular-level changes translate to extended healthspan is mechanistically plausible and the working hypothesis — it is not yet a proven clinical outcome.
Is NMN worth taking? For most people over 40 focused on maintaining metabolic function and cellular health: yes, the human evidence is sufficient to justify it. Human trials show it raises NAD+ levels, improves muscle insulin sensitivity, and appears to influence biological aging markers. It is not a fountain of youth — it is a targeted intervention for a documented age-related biochemical decline.
What is the difference between NMN and NR? Both raise NAD+ levels through the salvage pathway. NMN is one step closer to NAD+ in the biosynthesis pathway. NR has a longer human research track record. Current evidence does not definitively establish one as superior for all tissues. Both are well-tolerated at standard doses.
How long does it take for longevity supplements to work? Months to years for cellular-level outcomes. Measurable biomarker improvements (NAD+ levels, oxidative stress markers, glutathione, inflammatory markers) can be seen within weeks to months with consistent use. Functional outcomes (muscle function, metabolic markers) follow over months. The compounding benefits relevant to healthspan extension operate over years of consistent use.
Can supplements actually extend lifespan? In model organisms (C. elegans, mice), numerous compounds have extended both lifespan and healthspan. In humans, no supplement has met the bar of a longevity clinical endpoint. What is more tractable — and what the current evidence supports — is maintaining biological function: muscle mass, metabolic health, cognitive performance, and reduced disease risk. That is what a well-designed longevity protocol is targeting in 2026.
Key Takeaways
- The Hallmarks of Aging framework provides the scientific map — a rational longevity protocol addresses multiple hallmarks simultaneously.
- Tier 1 priorities in 2026: Urolithin A (mitophagy), NAD+ precursors (NMN or NR), GlyNAC (glutathione network), and omega-3s (inflammaging).
- Urolithin A is the only orally available compound with human RCT evidence for mitophagy activation — and mitophagy decline underlies multiple aging hallmarks.
- NAD+ decline is mechanistically significant and reversible with NMN or NR supplementation.
- GlyNAC addresses glutathione depletion — a specific, measurable form of cellular dysfunction that is correctable.
- Hormonal optimization (testosterone, cortisol management) supports all other longevity interventions — it is not separate from the protocol.
- Set the right time horizon. These compounds work over months and years, not days.
- Senolytics, rapamycin, and metformin represent the next frontier — they are not yet general-audience supplement recommendations.
Related Reading
- How to Build a Supplement Stack: A Science-Based Framework
- The Complete Natural GLP-1 Support Protocol: What to Take, Why, and in What Order
- Urolithin A and Mitophagy: What the Human Evidence Actually Shows
- The GlyNAC Protocol: Restoring Glutathione and Mitochondrial Health
Evidence References
- Lopez-Otin C, et al. "Hallmarks of aging: an expanding universe." Cell. 2023.
- Lopez-Otin C, et al. "The hallmarks of aging." Cell. 2013.
- Andreux PA, et al. "The mitophagy activator urolithin A is safe and induces a molecular signature of improved mitochondrial and cellular health in humans." Nature Metabolism. 2019.
- Singh A, et al. "Urolithin A improves muscle strength, exercise efficiency, and biomarkers of mitochondrial health in older adults." Cell Reports Medicine. 2022.
- Yoshino M, et al. "Nicotinamide mononucleotide increases muscle insulin sensitivity in prediabetic women." Science. 2021.
- Martens CR, et al. "Chronic nicotinamide riboside supplementation is well-tolerated and elevates NAD+ in healthy middle-aged and older adults." Nature Communications. 2018.
- Liao B, et al. "Nicotinamide riboside augments the human skeletal muscle NAD+ metabolome and induces transcriptomic and anti-inflammatory signatures." Journal of Physiology. 2021.
- Kumar P, et al. "Glycine and N-acetylcysteine (GlyNAC) supplementation in older adults improves glutathione deficiency, oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, inflammation, insulin resistance, endothelial dysfunction, genotoxicity, muscle strength, and cognition." Nutrients. 2023.
- Kumar P, et al. "Supplementing Glycine and N-Acetylcysteine (GlyNAC) in Older Adults Improves Glutathione Deficiency, Oxidative Stress, Mitochondrial Dysfunction, Inflammation, Physical Function, and Aging Hallmarks." Journal of Nutrition. 2021.
- Bhatt DL, et al. (REDUCE-IT). "Cardiovascular Risk Reduction with Icosapentaenoic Acid for Hypertriglyceridemia." NEJM. 2019.
- Leisegang K, et al. "Eurycoma longifolia effects on testosterone: Systematic review and meta-analysis." Andrologia. 2022.
- Pandit S, et al. "Clinical evaluation of purified Shilajit on testosterone levels in healthy volunteers." Andrologia. 2016.
- Wankhede S, et al. "Examining the effect of Withania somnifera supplementation on muscle strength and recovery." Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition. 2015.
- Tong Y, et al. "Berberine enhances gut microbiota Akkermansia muciniphila and metabolic health." International Journal of Endocrinology. 2019.
- Demidenko O, et al. "Rejuvant, a potential life-extending compound formulation with alpha-ketoglutarate and vitamins, conferred an average 8-year reduction in biological aging." Aging. 2021.
- Kirkland JL, Tchkonia T. "Cellular Senescence: A Translational Perspective." eBioMedicine. 2017.
